Infectious Diseases
Influenza
The flu is a highly contagious viral illness that tends to occur in epidemics during the winter. It is spread by
the coughs and sneezes of infected people and also by direct contact with contaminated articles such as handkerchiefs.
About 24–48 hours after exposure to the infection, you develop a sudden fever, shivering, headache, dry cough, muscle aches, exhaustion, and sore eyes and throat. Although you will begin to feel better after 4–5 days, you may feel tired and continue coughing for several weeks.
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See your doctor first
Arrange to see your doctor if:
Arrange to see your doctor if:
- You are frail or elderly, have heart or lung problems, or have another chronic illness such as diabetes
✨ What you can do yourself
Although you can't shorten a bout of the flu, these measures will help relieve the worst symptoms.
- Rest for a few days and avoid any unnecessary activity. As you begin to feel better, gradually increase what you do.
- Drink plenty of fluids, such as water or fruit juice. If you don't feel like eating, have nourishing fluids such as chicken soup and broths.
- Take an analgesic or flu remedy to relieve aches and pains (see Drug Remedies section).
- To relieve the "stuffed-up" feeling, use a steam inhalation.
- Warm or chilled drinks soothe a sore throat. Try making a warm honey and lemon drink (see Natural Remedies section).
- Don't smoke or allow anyone to smoke near you.
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Seek further medical advice
Arrange to see your doctor if:
Arrange to see your doctor if:
- Your symptoms have not begun to clear up within a week
- You develop other symptoms, such as breathing problems, or cough up green, yellow, or bloody mucus
💡 Remember: Rest, hydration, and symptom relief are key to recovering from the flu. Annual flu vaccination is the best way to protect yourself and those around you, especially if you are in a high-risk group.